Diagnosis
How is focal dystonia diagnosed?
It can be challenging to diagnose focal dystonia, as its symptoms may be similar to those of other conditions. Ruling out other illnesses and medical conditions no matter how unlikely they may be, is important. It is
also important to point out that attaining a diagnosis as soon as possible will increase the likelihood of a better recovery.
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To diagnose focal dystonia, a doctor will typically:
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Take a medical history: The doctor will ask about the individual's symptoms, when they began, and any other medical conditions they have.
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Perform a physical examination: The doctor will examine the affected part of the body and look for signs of muscle spasms or abnormal postures.
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Order imaging tests: The doctor may order imaging tests, such as an MRI or CT scan, to get a detailed view of the brain and other structures in the body.
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Perform a neurological examination: The doctor may perform a series of tests to assess the individual's nervous system, including their muscle strength, reflexes, and coordination. A nerve conduction test (electromyography) is usually requested at this stage.
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Order blood tests: The doctor may order blood tests to check for underlying medical conditions that may be causing the symptoms.x
It is important to note that the diagnosis of focal dystonia often involves a process of exclusion, where other potential causes of the symptoms are ruled out before a diagnosis of focal dystonia is made. Wherever possible, a neurologist or movement disorder specialist with experience in treating musicians' focal dystonia should be consulted first. If that is not possible then a follow-up consultation with a neurologist or medical professional with experience working with musicians' is advisable.
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